INTEGRATED NUTRIENT MANAGEMENT WITH INORGANIC NPK FERTILIZERS IMPROVES GROWTH AND YIELD OF MILLET
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.71146/kjmr955Keywords:
Millet, Integrated nutrient management, Inorganic NPK fertilizers, Plant growth, Green fodder yield, Forage quality, Crude protein, Dry matter content, Biomass production, Nutrient managementAbstract
The integrated application of inorganic NPK fertilizers significantly improved the growth, yield, and forage quality of millet compared with the unfertilized control. Increasing fertilizer rates progressively enhanced plant height, stem diameter, leaf area per tiller, and green fodder yield. The highest NPK treatment (180 + 35 + 30 kg ha⁻¹) produced the maximum plant height (223.61 cm), stem diameter (0.92 cm), leaf area per tiller (1792.53 cm²), and green fodder yield (78.36 t ha⁻¹), whereas the control treatment recorded the lowest values of 154.20 cm, 0.59 cm, 798.45 cm², and 50.15 t ha⁻¹, respectively. Plant density showed only a slight increase with fertilizer application, ranging from 151.18 to 154.08 plants m⁻². However, the number of leaves per tiller increased markedly from 10.08 in the control to 12.56 under the highest NPK level. Likewise, dry matter content increased from 8.12% to 14.68%, while crude fiber content improved from 7.05% to 10.41% with increasing fertilizer doses. The nutritional quality of millet forage was also enhanced by balanced nutrient application. Crude protein content increased from 42.10% in the control to 46.20% under the highest NPK treatment, whereas ash content increased from 5.00% to 7.35%. Overall, the results demonstrate that integrated nutrient management through the application of inorganic NPK fertilizers substantially enhances vegetative growth, biomass production, and forage quality of millet, with the application of 180 + 35 + 30 kg ha⁻¹ NPK proving to be the most effective treatment for maximizing productivity and nutritional value.
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Copyright (c) 2026 Asif Ali Kaleri, Rahim Bux Vistro, Mian Noor Hussain Asghar Ali, Naseer Ahmed Abbasi, Noor Muhammad Faraz Rind, Mir Muhammad Khan Talpur, Abdul Samad, Muhammad Ameen Siddiqui, Nawab Ali Buledi, Ayaz Ali (Author)
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